coal liquefaction process

CoaltoLiquids an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

CoaltoLiquids an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Since the late 1970s, coal liquefaction processes have been developed into integrated twostage processes, in which coal is liquefied in the presence of hydrogen in the first stage and the products are upgraded in the second stage.

Liquefaction Process an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Liquefaction Process an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The liquefaction process transforms natural gas into LNG by cooling it to approximately −161° C, after which it is stored until it can be shipped on board LNG tankers to its final destination where it is regasified at the import terminal.

Exxon donor solvent process Wikipedia

Exxon donor solvent process Wikipedia

Process. The Exxon donor solvent process is a noncatalytic processing of solventslurried coal in a highpressure liquefaction reactor. Coal is cleaned, crushed and fed to the slurry dryer, where water is removed. The dry crushed coal is slurried with the hydrogen donor recycle solvent. The coal slurry is treated with hydrogen and heated in a ...

Coal Liquefaction | GAO

Coal Liquefaction | GAO

Coal liquefaction is the conversion of coal to a cleanburning, lowsulfercontent fuel which can augment gasoline and boiler fuels. Direct liquefaction processes are currently in the research and development stage and are expected to yield a high percentage of boiler fuels for industry and utilities. Indirect liquefaction processes are ...

Integrated coal liquefaction, gasification and electricity production ...

Integrated coal liquefaction, gasification and electricity production ...

Coal liquefaction process employing fuel from a combined gasifier. Patent Schmid, B. Conversion of raw coal to distillate liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon products by solvent liquefaction in the presence of molecular hydrogen employing recycle of mineral residue is commonly performed at a higher thermal efficiency than conversion of coal to ...

PDF Overview of Coaltoliquids: a Historical Perspective

PDF Overview of Coaltoliquids: a Historical Perspective

CCLP Chevron Coal Liquefaction Process CCS Carbon capture and storage CO Carbon monoxide CO 2 Carbon dioxide CPI OPECConsumer Price Index CTL Coaltoliquids DCL Direct coal liquefaction DME Dimethyl ether DOD Department of Defense DOE Department of Energy EDS Exxon Donor Solvent ...

Process study and CO2 emission reduction analysis of coal liquefaction ...

Process study and CO2 emission reduction analysis of coal liquefaction ...

The direct coal liquefaction process usually produces a liquefaction residue of about 30% of its coal feed. The effective utilization of the coal liquefaction residue (CLR), which contains about 80% organic matter, is of great significance for improving the oil yield of the direct liquefaction process and reducing the amount of pollution emitted from this oilcontaining organic solid waste. In ...

Liquefaction Wikipedia

Liquefaction Wikipedia

Liquefaction. In materials science, liquefaction [1] is a process that generates a liquid from a solid or a gas [2] or that generates a nonliquid phase which behaves in accordance with fluid dynamics. [3] It occurs both naturally and artificially. As an example of the latter, a "major commercial application of liquefaction is the liquefaction ...

Copyrolysis of lignite and Shendong coal direct liquefaction residue ...

Copyrolysis of lignite and Shendong coal direct liquefaction residue ...

Coal liquefaction residue (CLR) is usually categorized as hazardous waste, which is inevitably generated during the coalliquefaction process. Studies show that CLR has a high calorific value and can be used to decrease coal consumption during the cofiring process. In this regard, field tests were carried out to study the emission and ...

Coal Liquefaction an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Coal Liquefaction an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Figure (A) Schematic representation of elution zones of different chemical families representative of a coalderived middle distillate; (B) SFCFID chromatogram of a coalderived middle distillate using the pyridine bonded phase showing the huge resolution of phenols from hydrocarbons.

An overview of solid—liquid separation in coal liquefaction processes ...

An overview of solid—liquid separation in coal liquefaction processes ...

Process slurries emanating from reactors generally contain 5 to 10 wt.% of solids. Solid—liquid separation processes must be used to separate the mineral residue and unconverted carbon from liquefied coal. Difficulties in removing those solid components represent a major obstacle to economic production of liquefied coal products.

Coal liquefaction Energy Education

Coal liquefaction Energy Education

[1] The indirect route is composed of 2 steps: First, coal is gasified with steam and oxygen to produce a synthesis gas (syngas), which is then cleaned to rid of dust, tar, and acid gases.

(PDF) An Overview of Coal Hydrogenation ResearchGate

(PDF) An Overview of Coal Hydrogenation ResearchGate

H5 Significant fluctuations in the light oil yield obtained from laboratory and pilot scale models of heavy oil upgrading. coal/oil coprocessing and direct coal liquefaction processes. arising ...

 Indirect Liquefaction Processes |

Indirect Liquefaction Processes |

Therefore, while direct coal liquefaction (DCL) takes coal directly into a liquid phase, indirect coal liquefaction (ICL) consists of two major steps: (a) gasification to produce a synthesis gas (syngas); and (b) conversion of the carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2) in the syngas to a range of hydrocarbon fuels/products such as gasoline, die...

CoaltoLiquids an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

CoaltoLiquids an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Coal Resources, Production and Use in Indonesia. Stanford, in The Coal Handbook: Towards Cleaner Production: Coal Utilisation, 2013 Coal liquefaction. Coal to Liquids (CTL) is at feasibility stage in Indonesia for several processes. Sasol had expressed interest in developing their FischerTropsch indirect process in Indonesia.

Further discussion on the mechanism of hydrogen transfer in direct coal ...

Further discussion on the mechanism of hydrogen transfer in direct coal ...

Introduction. Direct coal liquefaction (DCL) is known as a clean and efficient coal utilization technology, in which solid coal could be converted into liquid fuels and high valueadded chemicals by hydrogenation. [ [1], [2], [3]] The Hdonor is an important index in DCL technology [ [4], [5], [6]]: It is considered as a medium for mass ...

Coal Conversion Processes: Gasification and Liquefaction

Coal Conversion Processes: Gasification and Liquefaction

The primary liquid emissions from coal conversion processes are heavily contaminated by ammonia, sulphides and other inorganics, as well as by phenolic and other organic compounds. The solid wastes are derived from coal ash, spent catalyst, and solid sludges. Previous chapter Next chapter 1. Introduction 62 2. Gasification 65

A novel knowledge graph development for industry design: A case study ...

A novel knowledge graph development for industry design: A case study ...

We have launched ISKG for indirect coal liquefaction process, its oriented applications are of great significance in optimizing HAZOP, strengthening industrial safety and popularizing safety prevention awareness. Section 2 is the related work, which mainly reviews HAZOP and KG. Section 3 is the method, we elaborate the development process of ...

Process study and CO2 emission reduction analysis of coal liquefaction ...

Process study and CO2 emission reduction analysis of coal liquefaction ...

The effective utilization of the coal liquefaction residue (CLR), which contains about 80% organic matter, is of great significancefor improving the oil yield of the direct liquefaction process ...

Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies Routledge Handbooks

Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies Routledge Handbooks

Even though the process is currently not in use, it has contributed immensely to the development of catalytic coal liquefaction technology. The process involves the catalytic conversion of coal (slurried with heavy oil) in the presence of hydrogen and an iron oxide catalyst, at 450°C500°C and 200690 bars (197681 atm, or 2069 MPa).

Environmental Assessment of Coal Liquefaction: Annual Report

Environmental Assessment of Coal Liquefaction: Annual Report

The project is based on Exxon's donor solvent coal liquefaction process. The program will involve both smallscale RD work, and the design, construction and operation of a pilot plant with a capacity of 250 tons per day. The pilot plant will be built adjacent to an Exxon refinery at Baytown, Texas. The new agreement runs through December 31, 1982.

Novel Use of Residue from Direct Coal Liquefaction Process

Novel Use of Residue from Direct Coal Liquefaction Process

Direct coal liquefaction residue (DCLR) is, commonly, designed to be used as a feed stock for gasification or combustion. Use of DCLR as a value added product is very important for improving overall economy of direct coal liquefaction processes. This study shows that the DCLR may be used as a pavement asphalt modifier. The modification ability is similar to that of Trinidad Lake Asphalt (TLA ...

Catalyst withdrawal and addition in a coal liquefaction process

Catalyst withdrawal and addition in a coal liquefaction process

article{osti_, title = {Catalyst withdrawal and addition in a coal liquefaction process}, author = {Simone, A A and Ogren, D F}, abstractNote = {The catalyst is withdrawn from a coal hydroliquefaction reactor while it is maintained on stream by withdrawing a portion of the catalyst, in a separate stream, dispersed in product from the liquefaction zone, with such withdrawn stream being ...

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